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The chief executive of Ryanair said the economic downturn will force weaker carriers to cut routes, allowing his airline to move in.

Mr. Fyodorov was prominent among the young economists responsible for post-Soviet Russia’s striking economic reforms.

Prices in Canada fell by 1 percent on an unadjusted basis between September and October, the largest such decline in 49 years, Statistics Canada reported on Friday.

A new digital library of Europe’s cultural heritage crashed hours after it went online and will be out of operation for several weeks.

Vowing to protect French industry from foreign predators and a worsening economic slump, President Nicolas Sarkozy introduced an investment fund of 20 billion euros ($25 billion) on Thursday.

European Union governments agreed Thursday to overhaul the way the trade bloc distributes tens of billions of euros in subsidies to farmers.

Prime Minister Vladimir V. Putin of Russia announced tax cuts and increased spending on social programs.

Asian stock markets followed New York’s plunge but then rebounded when Japan’s finance minister said that governments should be prepared to take action.

As a new bout of fear gripped the financial markets, stocks fell sharply again, and the credit markets seized up as confidence in the nation’s financial system ebbed.

In post-apartheid South Africa, the welfare of miners — nearly all of them black — is a matter of scrupulous concern.

The worsening economy is squeezing Europe’s flag carriers, with dwindling sales of premium-class tickets starting to take their toll.

Iceland finally received international backing for its bailout plan on Thursday, as Nordic countries followed up a $2.1 billion loan by the International Monetary Fund.

A new digital library, called Europeana, intends to showcase Europe’s history, literature, arts and science.